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Applikations specialisterne i METTLER TOLEDO's markedsstøttegruppe for analytisk kemi har udarbejdet mere end 1000 applikationer til analytisk kemi, der er klar til brug med det store udvalg af METTLER TOLEDO instrumenter. Disse gennemtestede applikationer hjælper dig med at få nøjagtige resultater hurtigt. Online søgemaskinen giver dig mulighed for at søge i databasen og finde den applikation, der passer bedst til dine behov.
Applikationer af interesse |
Refractive Index Measurement of Foils, Gums and Granulates with the Foil Stamp on an RM |
The RM Foil Stamp Set ME: 30384986 pushes samples such as foils, granulates or gums flat on the prism of the RM40 refractometers and ensures full contact of the sample with the refractive index cell during measurements. With this technique of pressing the sample on to prism contact liquid is no longer needed to ensure that there is no air gap between the sample and the prism. This application note covers the approached with the foil stamp, using foils and granulates in the determination of bound styrene in styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR). The ASTM D5775 provides a norm which describes all necessary steps for sample preparation, measurement with an Abbe refractometer and calculation of the bound styrene content. Our foil stamp approach, although it does not fulfill all the requirements of the ASTM D5775 norm, can be regarded as a good alternative for measuring such samples. |
Density, Relative Density and API Gravity |
The application gives the method for automated compensation to the measured sample density at different temperatures, relative density and API gravity. |
Determination of the Density and API Gravity of Oils and Paraffins |
The density and derived quantities such as the specific gravity and API gravity are used worldwide to characterize liquid petroleum products and to compare their quality. Many crude oils, heavy oils, lubricating oils and paraffins are highly viscous or solid at room temperature. Their density is often still determined manually using hydrometers. The METTLER TOLEDOoptional heating devices in combination with oscillating U-tube digitaldensity meters allow density measurements to be automated and performedmuch more rapidly and reproducibly. |
Certified Standards for Density Meters and Refractometers |
This application shows how to use certified standards e.g. Water, Dodecan, 2-4 Dichlortoluene, 1-bromonaphtalene to check our LiquiPhysics Density Meters and Refractometers. |
BRIX - Sugar Determination by Density and Refractometry |
Concentration measurement of different sugars e.g. sucrose, maltose, glucose and HFCS to determine the Brix or or HFCS 42% 55% or 90% content with Density Meter or Refractometer. |
Beer Analysis with Density and Refractive Index |
Measurement of Wort, Extract, and Alcohol in the different steps of the brewing process, either with a density meter or a refractometer. It also describes how to use a combination of a refractometer and a density cell to measure the Real Extract, the Alcohol by Weight, the Alcohol by Volume and the Original Wort in beer. |
Density or Specific Gravity of Sulphuric Acid Battery |
The application gives the method to measure the specific gravity of sulphuric acid in the battery. This gives the measure of state of charge of battery for its quality control. |
Refractive Index of Edible Oils and Fats | AOAC 921.08 |
Refractive index of edible oils and fats (AOAC 921.08) can be determined with a digital butyro refractometer with a temperature controlled meter. |
Dropping Point of Petroleum Jelly |
This application note provides detailed method to determine the dropping point for petroleum jelly according to Chinese and European Pharmacopoeia. |
Lip Balm Analysis by Dropping Point and Slip Melting Point |
This application note provides systematic methods for detecting the dropping point and slip melting point of lip balm samples with complex formulations. |
Specific Gravity Determination of Cosmetics |
Learn how the EasyPlus Density Meter and the syringe-pressing tool can improve specific gravity determination of cosmetic products. |
Hand Sanitizer Formulation and Concentration Determination |
Hand sanitizers are usually based on ethanol or isopropyl alcohol. Learn how to determine their concentration with a density meter. |
Density and Refractive Index Quality Control of E-liquids |
The application gives the density (DE) and refractometry (RE) techniques that can be used to determine the Propylene glycol (PG) and vegetable glycerin (VG) concentration ratio in E-liquids. |
Compensated Density Of Solvents |
The application gives the method to determine the quality of solvents by measuring their density. Further, it gives the method and calculation to compensate the values of density measured at different temperature. |
Glycerin concentration in % w/w, d20 |
Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is widely used as raw material, in intermediate formulations and also in final products, in many industries such as pharmaceutical, cosmetics and personal care, food and chemical production. Its density, specific gravity (SG),and/or concentration are monitored to verify its purity during production, for identifying incoming products,or to determine its concentration in final or intermediate products for quality control purposes. |
Quality Control with Brix Measurements |
The application gives the method to measure brix value of three sample series (orange, apple, and multivitamin juice) consecutively for quality control of sugar in liquids. |
Alcohol in % v/v w/w or Proof |
With the Mettler Toledo Density2Go handheld density meters alcohol concentration measurements are simple. It can be expressed in units Proof US 60 F Proof IP 60 F |
Density, S.G. and °API in Crude Oil according to ASTM D5002 and ISO 12185 |
Density is a fundamental physical property that can be used in conjunction with other properties to characterize the quality of crude oils. The American Petroleum Institute (API), is the largest U.S. trade association for the oil and natural gas industry and issued many international standards.This application desicribes the measurement of light crudes ant heavy crudes according to ASTM D5002 and ISO12185. |
Determine Sugar Content without Sample Preparation |
Learn how to perform Brix measurements without sample preparation with Easy Bev Refractometer. |
Jet Fuel System Icing Inhibitors (FSII) Determination |
Determine and monitor the correct concentration of ether-type additives on aviation fuels using a portable digital refractometer. |
Monitoring the concentration of degreasing baths |
This Application Note shows how the RM40 refractometer can be used for fast concentration monitoring of degreasing bath mixtures. |
Multiparameter System Analyses Urea Ammonium Nitrate |
This application note introduces an alternative method to measure the nitrogen (N) concentration in the fertilizer solution Urea Ammonium Nitrate (UAN). With the Mettler Toledo fully-automated density and refractive index multiparameter system, the measurement of nitrogen concentration in liquid fertilizers can be performed easily, quickly, and safely without any additional chemicals. |
Multiparameter Analysis in Flavors andFragrancesDensity, Refractive Index & Color in One Run |
The Flavor and Fragrance industry produces ingredients for a wide range of products. Many producers, therefore, rely on a combination of physical parameters for the quality control of raw materials, bulks and finished products. Duringthis type of analysis, density, refractive index, color and sometimes polarity or pH are compared against reference limits. This Application Note demonstrates a typical automated multiparameter application for the flavor and fragrance industry, showing analysis time required and the high repeatability that can be achieved, even when a variety of samples are being tested in the same system. |
Wine Fermentation Monitoring |
The application gives the method to monitor the fermentation process using Density2Go handheld density meter |
Density Measurement of Lithium-Ion Battery Electrolytes |
Application note describing the methodology to characterize the electrolytes of lithium-ion batteries through density. |
Multiparameter Measurements of E-liquids |
The application gives the setup of multiparameter system for simultaneously determining density, refractive index, pH and UV/VIS color in multi component sample like E-liquids. Samples of different nature, given by the presence or absence of nicotine as well as different flavors are easily characterized with this setup. |
From BRIX determination to multiparameter analyses, METTLER TOLEDO is your partner for all your density and refractometry needs. Our instruments provide consistent and accurate measurements and ensure compliance with international and regional regulations.
Find below the regulations and standards our instruments comply with, for your respected industry.
For more information on our digital density meters and refractometers, and how they compare to manual methods please see our Comparison of different measuring techniques.
For density measurement guides, whitepapers, webinars, or more information about our products, please visit our Expertise Library.
For specific applications in density visit our Applications Library.
Standard or Regulation | Short Description | Compatible with Mettler-Toledo Density Meters? | Which MT instrument complies with |
DIN EN ISO 3675 | Crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products -- Laboratory determination of density -- Hydrometer method | Accuracy and repeatability met with Mettler-Toledo density meters. | Excellence D4, D5 and D6 |
ANSI 1250 | Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards | Yes | Densito, DensitoPro, EasyPlus Easy D30, Easy D40 Excellence D4, D5, D6 |
API Std 2540 | Standard Guide for API Tables | Yes | Densito, DensitoPro, EasyPlus Easy D30, Easy D40 Excellence D4, D5, D6 |
ASTM D1250 | Standard Guide for API Tables | Yes | Densito, DensitoPro, EasyPlus Easy D30, Easy D40 Excellence D4, D5, D6 |
ASTM D1475 | Standard Test Method for Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks, and Related Products - using cup or pycnometer | Not applicable, pycnometer | Not applicable |
ASTM D2501 | Standard Test Method for Calculation of Viscosity-Gravity Constant (VGC) of Petroleum Oils | Yes, density only | Excellence D4, D5 and D6 |
ASTM D4052 | Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter | Yes | Excellence D4, D5 and D6 |
ASTM D4806 | Standard Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel | Yes, density only | Easy D30, Easy D40, Excellence D4, D5 and D6 |
ASTM D5002 | Density of Crude Oils | Yes | Excellence D4, D5 and D6 |
ASTM D5931 | Density of Engine Coolants | Yes | Easy D40, Excellence D4, D5 and D6 |
ASTM D6448 | Standard Specification for Industrial Burner Fuels from Used Lubricating Oils | Yes, density only | Easy D30, Easy D40, Excellence D4, D5 and D6 |
ASTM D7777 | Density of General Samples by Portable Meter | Yes | Densito, DensitoPro, |
DIN 51757 | Density of Mineral Oils and Related Materials | Yes | Excellence D4, D5 and D6 |
EN 14214:2003 | Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) for diesel engines | Yes | Excellence D4, D5 and D6 |
IP 200/52 | API Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards | Yes | Easy D40, Excellence D4, D5 and D6 |
IP 365 | Crude petroleum and petroleum products - Determination of density - Oscillating U-tube method | Yes | Excellence D4, D5 and D6 |
IP 559 | Density of Fuels by Portable Digital Meter | Yes | Densito, DensitoPro |
ISO 91 | Petroleum Measurement Tables | Yes | EasyPlus Easy D30, Easy D40 |
ISO 12185-2 | Density of Crude Oils and General Samples | Yes | Excellence D4, D5, D6 |
ISO 2811-3 | Paint and varnishes IP 365 – Crude Petroleum and Petroleum Products using oscillating U-tube | Yes | Excellence D4, D5, D6 |
GB/T 13531.4-2013 | General methods on determination of cosmetics-Determination of relative density 化妆品通用检验方法 相对密度的测定 | Yes | Easy D30, Easy D40, Excellence D4, D5 and D6 |
GB/T 2013-2010 | Standard test method for density of liquid petrochemical products 液体石油化工产品密度测定法 | Yes | Easy D40, Excellence D4, D5 and D6 |
Standard or Regulation | Short Description | Compatible with Mettler-Toledo Density Meters? | Which MT instrument complies with |
Directive 2009/106/CE | Fruit Juice | Yes | |
AOAC Official Method 988.06 | Specific Gravity of Beer and Wort | Yes | Easy D40 Excellence D4, D5, D6 |
AOAC Official Methods of Analysis 920.57, 920.62 (17th Ed) | Alcohol in Wines By Volume from Specific Gravity / Extract of wines | Yes | Excellence D5, D4 |
AOAC Official Methods of Analysis 950.28, 982.10 (17th Ed) | Specific gravity of nonalcoholic beverages / Alcohol by volume in distilled liquors. Density method | Yes | Excellence D5, D6 |
ASBC Beer-2B | Specific Gravity by digital density meter (1978) | Yes | Excellence D5, D6 |
ASBC Beer-5 | Real Extract (B. Beer measured gravimetrically (1958), C. Real Extract determined refractometrically (1982)) | Yes | Excellence D5, D6 |
European Union Spirits drinks: COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 2870/2000 | Community reference methods for the analysis of spirits drinks | Yes | Excellence D5, D6 |
European Union Wines: COMMISSION REGULATION (EC) No 128/2004 | Community methods for the analysis of wines - comparison between hydrostatic balance and electronic densimetry, proving them as equivalent | Yes | Excellence D5, D6 |
European Union Wines: COMMISSION REGULATION (EEC) No 2676/90 | Community methods for the analysis of wines - specifies only hydrostatic balances, hydrometers, pycnometers | See EC No 128/2004 | Excellence D5, D6 |
ISO 18301 | Animal and vegetable fats and oils -- Determination of conventional mass per volume (litre weight in air) -- Oscillating U-tube method | Yes | Excellence D4, D5, D6 |
OIV Alcohol content in wine and musts | COMPENDIUM OF INTERNATIONAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS-OIV | Yes | Excellence D5, D6 |
OIV Analysis method for density measurement in wine and musts | OIV Analysis method for density measurement in wine and musts | Yes | Excellence D4, D5, D6 |
OIV MA-BS-03 | Alcoholic strength determination using pycnometer | Accuracy and repeatability met with Mettler-Toledo density meters. | Excellence D4, D5, D6, Easy D30, Easy D40 |
OIV MA-BS-04 | Alcoholic strength determination using oscillation method | Yes | Excellence D5, D6 |
OIV MA-BS-06 | Density determination of alcohols and alcoholic beverages using U-tube method | Yes | Excellence D5, D6 |
GB5009.225—2016 | Determination of the concentration of ethanol in wine 酒中乙醇浓度的测定 | Yes, only suitable for beer ,brandy ,whisky and vodka | Easy D40 Excellence D4, D5, D6 |
SN/T 0801.8-2010 | Determination of density in animal and vegetable oils and fats import and export 进出口动植物油脂密度检验方法 | Not applicable, pycnometer | Not applicable |
GBT 11540-2008 | Fragrance/Flavor substances-Determination of relative density 香料相对密度的测定 | Yes | Easy D40 Excellence D4, D5, D6 |
JJF1070-2005 | Rules of Metrological Testing for Net Quantity of Products in Prepackages with Fixed Content 定量包装商量净含量记录检验规则 | Yes | Easy D40 Excellence D4, D5, D6 |
Standard or Regulation | Short Description | Compatible with Mettler-Toledo Density Meters? | Which MT instrument complies with |
Pharm. Eu. (2005) JP (2005) USP (2006) | Density using Oscillating U-tube | Yes | EasyPlus Easy D30, Easy D40 Excellence D4, D5, D6 |
Ph. Eur. 2.2.5 | Relative density | Yes | EasyPlus Easy D30, Easy D40 Excellence D4, D5, D6 |
USP chapter 841 (as of USP 29) | Specific gravity Method II | Yes | EasyPlus Easy D30, Easy D40 Excellence D4, D5, D6 |
Chinese pharmacopoeia 0601 | The measurement for relative density | Yes | EasyPlus Easy D40 Excellence D4, D5, D6 |
For refractometry measurement guides, whitepapers, webinars, or more information about our products, please visit our Expertise Library.
For specific applications in refractometry visit our Applications Library.
Standard or Regulation | Short Description | Compatible with Mettler-Toledo Refractometers? | Which MT instrument complies with |
AOAC 983.01 | Determination of Urea in Fluid Fertilizers Containing Water-Soluble Urea-Formaldehyde Reaction Products | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 |
ASTM D1218 | Refractive index of General Products | Yes | Easy R40, Excellence R4, R5 |
ASTM D1747 | Refractive Index of Viscous Materials | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 |
ASTM D 1807 | Standard Test Methods for Refractive Index and Specific Optical Dispersion of Electrical Insulating Liquids | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 |
ASTM D2140 | Standard Practice for Calculating Carbon-Type Composition of Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin (Viscosity Gravity Constant) | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 |
ASTM D3321 | Freezing Point Engine Coolants | Yes | Refracto 30PX/GS |
ASTM D4095 | Standard Practice for Use of the Refractometer for Determining Nonvolatile Matter (Total Solids) in Floor Polishes | Yes | Easy R40, Excellence R4, R5 |
ASTM D4542 | Refractive Index of Soluble Salt of Soils | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 |
ASTM D5006 | System Icing Inhibitors | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 |
DIN 51423 - part 1 | Refractive Index of Mineral Oils | Yes | Excellence R5 |
UOP 816 | Refractive index of General Products | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 |
DIN 51423 - part 2 | Measurement of the relative refractive index with the Abbe-refractometer | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 |
ICUMSA SPS-3 (2000) | Refractometry and Tables | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 |
ISO 280 | Essential oils - determination of refractive index | Yes | Easy R40, Excellence R4, R5 |
ISO 8036 | Immersion liquids for light microscopy | Yes | Excellence R5 |
GB/T 6488-2008 | Liquid chemicals-Determination of refractive index at 20℃ 液体化工产品 折光率的测定(20℃) | Not applicable,Abbe refractometer with refractive index range from 1.3 to 1.7 | Not applicable |
GB/T 614-2006 | Chemical reagent-General method for the determination of refractive index 化学试剂折光率测定通用方法 | Not applicable,Abbe refractometer with refractive index range from 1.3 to 1.7 | Not applicable |
Standard or Regulation | Short Description | Compatible with Mettler-Toledo Refractometers? | Which MT instrument complies with | |
AOAC 896.02 | Sucrose in sugars and syrups. Double dilution method | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 | |
AOAC 898.02 | Physical Constants of 10 Per Cent Distillate of Lemon and Orange Oils | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 | |
AOAC 905.01 | Methanol in Distilled Liquors Immersion Refractometer Method | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 | |
AOAC 920.141 | Refractive index of lemon and orange oils | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 | |
AOAC 920.78 | Index of Refraction of Cacao Fat | Yes | Easy R40, Excellence R4, R5 | |
AOAC 921.08 | Index of refraction of oils and fats | Yes | Easy R40, Excellence R4, R5 | |
AOAC 932.12 | Solids (Soluble) in Fruits and Fruit Products Refractometer Method | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 | |
AOAC 932.14, Section C | Solids in Syrups | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 | |
AOAC 940.09 | Total solids in cordials and liqueurs | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 | |
AOAC 943.05 | Dry substance in corn syrups and sugars | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 | |
AOAC 945.102 | Oil (mineral) in fat | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 | |
AOAC 948.10 | Water (added) in milk | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 | |
AOAC 950.04 | Alcohol by Volume in Distilled Liquors Refractometer Method | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 | |
AOAC 950.13 | Alcohol in Nonalcoholic Beverages | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 | |
AOAC 953.16 | Fruit Content (Approximate) of Frozen Fruit-Sugar Mixtures | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 | |
AOAC 969.18 | Refractive Index of Butterfat | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 | |
AOAC 969.38 | Moisture in honey | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 | |
AOAC 970.15 | Alcohol (by weight) in beer. Refractometer method | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 | |
AOAC 970.59 | Solids (Soluble) in Tomato Products Refractive Index Method | Yes | Easy R40, Excellence R4, R5 | |
AOAC 976.20 | Solids (Soluble) in Frozen Concentrate for Lemonade - Refractometer Method Sucrose Content with Citric Acid Correction Factor | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 | |
AOAC 983.17 | Solids (Soluble) in Citrus Fruit Juices Refractometer Method | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 | |
ICUMSA GS4/3 – 13 (2004) | Refractometric Dry Substance (RDS %) of Molasses and Very Pure Syrups (Liquid Sugars) | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 | |
ISI 06-1e | Determination of Dry Matter in Syrup by Refractive Index | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 | |
OIML R 108 | Refractometers for the measurement of the sugar content of fruit juices | Yes | Easy R40, Excellence R4, R5 | |
OIV MA-AS2-02 | Evaluation of sugar by refractometry | Yes | Easy R40, Excellence R4, R5 | |
OIV MA-AS312-01B | Evaluation by refractometry of the sugar concentration in grape musts, concentrated grape musts and rectified concentrated grape musts | Yes | Easy R40, Excellence R4, R5 | |
A.O.C.S. Official method Cc7-25 | Refractive Index (sampling analysis of commercial fats and oils) | Yes | Excellence R4, R5 | |
GBT 5527-2010 | Determination of refractive index of animal and vegetable oils 动植物油脂 折光指数的测定 | Yes, refractive index range from 1.3 to 1.7 | Easy R40 | |
GBT 10786-2006 | Analytical methods of canned food 罐头食品的检验方法 | Yes | Easy R40, Brix, Excellence R4, R5 | |
GBT 14454.4-2008 | Fragrance/Flavor substances-Determination of refractive index 香料 折光指数的测定 | Yes, refractive index range from 1.3 to 1.7 | Easy R40 | |
GB/T 12143-2008 | General analytical methods for beverage 饮料通用分析方法 | Yes | Easy R40, Brix, Excellence R4, R5 |
Standard or Regulation | Short Description | Compatible with Mettler-Toledo Refractometers? | Which MT instrument complies with |
USP 831 | Refractive Index | Yes | Excellence R4, R5, Easy R40, Easy Brix |
Ph. Eur. 2.2.6 | Refractive Index | Yes | Excellence R4, R5, Easy R40, Easy Brix |
Chinese pharmacopoeia 0622 | The measurement for refractive index | Yes, refractive index range from 1.3 to 1.7 | Easy R40 |
Glossary
ANSI: American National Standards Institute http://ansi.org
AOAC: Association of Official Agricultural Chemists http://aoac.org
AOCS: American Oil Chemists' Society http://aocs.org
API: American Petroleum Institute http://api.org
ASBC: American Society of Brewing Chemists http://asbcnet.org
ASTM: American society for testing and materials http://www.astm.org
DIN: Deutsches Institut für Normung http://www.din.de
EN: CEN, European Committee for Standardization http://www.cenorm.be
ICUMSA*: International Commission for Uniform Methods of Sugar Analysis http://icumsa.org
IP: Institute of petroleum http://www.petroleum.co.uk
ISI: Certification for industrial products in India http://bis.org.in
ISO: International standardization organization http://www.iso.ch
OIV: International Organization of Vine and Wine http://oiv.int
Ph.Eur.: European Pharmacopeia http://edqm.eu
USP: United States Pharmacopeia http://usp.org
* ICUMSA® is a trademark of ICUMSA Ltd. and Verlag Dr. Albert Bartens KG.
ICUMSA Ltd. and Verlag Dr. Albert Bartens KG (further the "Trademark Owners") and Mettler-Toledo GmbH and the Mettler-Toledo group of companies (further "Mettler-Toledo") are independent companies. Nothing in this publication implies or is intended to imply any affiliation, sponsorship, endorsement or commercial relationship between the Trademark Owners and Mettler-Toledo or to imply any approval or endorsement by the Trademark Owners in favor of Mettler-Toledo instruments. Correct results for analysis according to the ICUSMA methods referred herein can only be reached by following the original ICUMSA method instructions.