Liquid-liquid dispersions, or emulsions, are an excellent application for in situ droplet size measurement; sampling these systems for offline analysis can be unrepresentative as the sample can change by the time you measure it offine.
By measuring in-process, the impact of process variables - such as temperature and shear - can be quickly determined on the size and number of droplets produced. In addition, the amount and type of surfactant needed can be optimized.