Automated Karl Fischer Titration of LIB Electrode Material

This application note provides a method for measuring water content in cathode and anode materials of lithium-ion batteries using a coulometric titrator along with a Karl Fischer Oven Autosampler.

By downloading this application package, you will receive a PDF of the application note as well as the required data for the LabX™ titration software method.

Lithium-ion batteries are commonly used for portable electronic devices and electric vehicles. They are growing in popularity, as they are light yet powerful (high energy density). The cathode of a lithium-ion battery consists of LiCo₂/LiCoO₂ and the anode of graphite/LiC₆, both attached to a carrier material. The electrolyte links both poles and consists of a lithium salt (e.g., LiPF₆) dissolved in an organic solvent with additives that facilitate lithium-ion transport.

Why Is Water in Electrode Material Undesirable?

Water in electrode material is undesirable because the presence of water in electrode material can harm the battery as it promotes the growth of lithium dendrites, leading to short circuits, overheating, and potential explosions. Additionally, water can react with lithium and other materials in the battery, degrading its performance and reducing its overall capacity. Therefore, it is crucial to accurately measure and manage the water content in electrode materials to ensure battery safety and lifespan.

How to Determine the Water Content in Battery Electrode Material?

It is necessary to crush insoluble solids to gain access to the trapped water inside the sample. For solid samples such as battery electrode material, the electrode sheets are cut into small flakes using scissors before starting the method.