The production of recombinant vaccines involves crucial processes and faces various challenges linked to recombinant DNA technology, especially during the critical cell harvest phase. This stage includes separating and purifying target antigens from genetically modified host cells through methods such as centrifugation, filtration, and advanced purification techniques. Additionally, UV absorbance measurement plays a vital role in monitoring the concentration and purity of the target antigens during purification. The importance of effective monitoring and control of other key parameters—temperature, pH, conductivity, and pressure—is highlighted as essential for ensuring product quality and safety during downstream processing.