Guide

Liquid Handling Options for ELISA Protocols

Guide

Tips and Applications to Correctly Perform Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISAs)

advice from PhD-level cellular and molecular biologists with extensive experience performing ELISAs
advice from PhD-level cellular and molecular biologists with extensive experience performing ELISAs

The ELISA Master Guide discusses how to perform enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and provides real-world insights for optimal liquid handling and tool selection.

The guide provides advice from PhD-level cellular and molecular biologists with extensive experience performing ELISAs on how researchers can:

  • Choose the most appropriate ELISA set-up for their research question
  • Carry out successful ELISAs with a range of sample types
  • Improve precision and reproducibility
  • Minimize the risk of inaccurate results

 

This guide is structured into four parts:

  • An overview of the different types of ELISA (direct, indirect, sandwich, competitive and ELISpot assays
  • Factors influencing reproducibility in ELISA protocols: subpar reagent and consumable quality, cross-contamination, pipetting techniques, cross-reactivity, matrix-effect, batch-to-batch reagents and data analysis. For each aspect, the paper provides practical tips for overcoming these challenges and discusses the different types of liquid handling equipment available.
  • Detailed step-by-step instructions on how to perform an ELISA workflow, using a typical sandwich ELISA carried out in a 96-well plate as an example.
  • A discussion of fundamental applications of ELISAs within different areas of research, diagnostics, biopharma, and biotech. This includes real-world examples of ELISA in medical diagnosis, food and environmental testing, drug discovery and development, and quality control.

 

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