Raman spectroscopy yields information about intra- and intermolecular vibrations. The former provides a spectrum characteristic of the specific vibrations of atoms in a molecule and is valuable for identifying a substance, form and molecular backbone configuration to name a few. The latter yields information about lower frequency modes, which reflects crystal lattice structure and polymorph form.
Infrared spectroscopy's greatest value lies in its ability to probe the “fingerprint region” of the spectrum where intramolecular vibrations are well-defined and highly characteristic of the bonding of atoms.
A practical example of differentiation for these two technologies is in the investigation of a crystallization process, in which Raman analyzes solid crystal form(s) and IR measures the solution-phase characteristics such as supersaturation.
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